Emission conformity is not only covered by the type approval itself, but continues throughout the life of the product. There are several types of in-service activities that are performed after a vehicle is put on the market.

In-Service Conformity (ISC) Light Duty Vehicles

Regulation (EU) 2023/443 sets out the ISC requirements for checking compliance against the emission limits for tailpipe and evaporative emissions throughout the normal life of the vehicle up to five years or 100 000 km, whichever is sooner.

This Part shall apply to M and N1 class I, II and III vehicles based on types approved after 01 September 2019.

In-Service Conformity (ISC) Heavy Duty Vehicles

The conformity of in-service vehicles or engines of an engine family shall be demonstrated by testing vehicles on the road operated over their normal driving patterns, conditions and payloads. The in- service conformity test shall be representative for vehicles operated on their real driving routes, with their normal payload and with the usual professional driver of the vehicle. When the vehicle is operated by a driver other than the usual professional driver of the particular vehicle, the alternative driver shall be skilled and trained to operate vehicles of the category subject to be tested.

In-Service Verification (ISV) Light Duty Vehicles

Regulation (EU) 2023/2866 & 2023/2867 sets out the guiding principles and criteria for defining the procedures for verifying that the CO2 emission and fuel consumption values recorded in the certificates of conformity correspond to the CO2 emissions from and the fuel consumption of vehicles in-service. It also sets out the procedures for verifying the presence of any strategies on board or relating to the vehicles that artificially improve the vehicle’s performance in the tests performed for the purpose of type-approval (‘in-service verification’).

In-Service Monitoring (ISM) Non-Road Mobile Machinery

Regulation (EU) 2022/2387 establishes detailed arrangements with regard to the selection of engines, test procedures and reporting of results relating to monitoring of gaseous pollutant emissions from in-service internal combustion engines installed in non-road mobile machinery using portable emission measurement systems. This Regulation applies to monitoring of the gaseous pollutant emissions from engines of emission Stage V installed in non-road mobile machinery regardless of when the EU type-approval for those engines was granted.

This Regulation applies to engine manufacturer.